![]() ![]() For example the black note between C and D can be C# or Db depending on context. The black notes can either be thought about as relative to the note above or below. This image is cropped with C as the lowest note, but the principle is the same. The white notes on the keyboard represent A through to G before repeating. All of the scales today exist within one octave, the distance between C to C, D to D, F to F or whatever. Below we see a keyboard displaying two octaves (twelve semitones). On a piano they correspond to the nearest adjacent key up or down, and on a guitar they correspond to frets. On a piano or guitar, a semitone is the smallest musical discrete pitch we can ascend or descend. Before doing that let’s understand what a semitone is. A scale can have numerous definitions but I want to establish a couple of rules for the scales we’re going to be discussing. In tonal music scales form the basis of melodic writing. Understand how relative majors and minors are worked out.Figure out the minor scale starting on the same root. ![]() Figure out a major scale on any given root.This article is designed for my foundation Understanding Music Theory students but is available to anyone else who is staring out with composition or production and wants to understand how scale construction works. ![]()
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